Suvad Lelo,
Dražen Kotrošan,
Kenan Muftić,
Sabina Trakić,
Erkam Duraković
Emina Šunje
1, 4, 6 Odsjek za biologiju Prirodno-matematičkog fakulteta, Sarajevo; Zmaja od Bosne 33
2 Zemaljski muzej Bosne i Hercegovine u Sarajevu; Zmaja od Bosne 7
3, 5 Alpinistički klub, Sarajevo; Prijedorska 10
ABSTRACT
Lelo, S., Kotrošan, D., Muftić, K., Trakić, S., Duraković, E. & Šunje, E. General data regarding habitat and population of Salamandra atra Laurenti, 1768 (S. a. prenjensis Mikšić, 1969) on Mt. Prenj. This paper presents base data regarding Salamandra atra Laurenti, 1768 on Mt. Prenj, Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Europe in general, with specific data regarding new findings from a time period of 2003 to 2008.
Key words: Fauna, Amphibia, biodiversity, Mt. Prenj, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
LITERATURA
Anonimus, 2003: Newts and Salamanders of Europe – Genus Salamandra: The Fire Salamander and its relatives. http://www.nafcon.dircon.co.uk/fire_salamanders.html.
Đukić, G., Kalezić, L. M. & Krizmanić, I., 2003. Nekoliko herpetoloških znamenitosti Prokletija. U: Amiđić, L., Janković, M. J., Jakšić, P. (Urednici). Metohijske Prokletije – Prirodna i kulturna baština, Zavod za zaštitu Srbije, Beograd, pp: 269-278.
Bolkay, S., 1924. Popis vodozemaca i gmizavaca, koji se nalaze u bos.-herc. Zemaljskom muzeju u Sarajevu s morfološkim, biološkim i zoogeografskim bilješkama. Spomenik Srpske Kraljevske Akademije, 41(11): 1-29.
Džukić, G., 1989. Crni daždevnjak (Salamandra atra Laurenti, 1768) najređa vrsta herpetofaune Srbije. Treći simpozij o fauni SR Srbije, 23-25. Marta 1989, Beograd, Uvodni referati i rezimei: 58.
Džukić, G., Krizmanić, I., Labus, N. & Rot., I., 1997. Distribution of Salamandra atra (Laurenti, 1768) in the Republic of Serbia, Yugoslavia. In: Roček, Z. & Hart, S. eds. “Herpetology” `97`, Abstracts: 61., Third World Congress of Herpetology, Prague.
Đurović, E., Vuković, T. & Pocrnjić, Z., 1979. Vodozemci Bosne i Hercegovine: Ključ za određivanje. Zemaljski muzej Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo, pp 1-94.
Kalezić, M. L., Džukić, G., Đorović, A. & Aleksić, I., 2000. Body size, age and sexual dimorphism in the genus Salamandra. A study of the Balkan species. Spixiana, 23(3): 283-292.
Mikšić, S., 1969. Nova podvrsta alpskog daždevnjaka (Salamandra atra prenjensis nov.). Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja, (PN) NS, 8: 83-86.
Muftić, K., 2003. Rijetke i endemične biljke i životinje na Prenju, Planinski daždevnjak. http://prenj.dobrevibracije.com/prenj_flora/prenj_endemi_index.htm.
Lelo, S., 2003: Neophodnost zaštite daždevnjaka. Fondeko svijet, 14: 22-23.
Lelo, S., 2007: Priručnik za identifikaciju bosanskohercegovačkih vodozemaca. Udruženje za inventarizaciju i zaštitu životinja, Ilijaš, Kanton Sarajevo, pp. 1-72.
Lelo, S., Memišević, E. & Kotrošan, D., 2008. Vodozemci Bosne i Hercegovine: Slikovni ključ za determinaciju vrsta. Rukopis.
Schautz, 2004. Das Molchregister der Gattung Salamandra. http://www.ag-uridela.de/molchregister_salamandra/salamandra.htm.
Šunj, E. & Lelo, S., 2008. Vodozemci (Amphibia Linnaeus, 1758) planine Prenj. Rukopis.
Werner, F., 1898. Prilozi poznavanju faune reptilija i batrahija Balkanskog poluostrva. Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja, 10(1): 131-156.
SUMMARY
Alpine or Black alpine salamander, Salamandra atra Laurenti, 1768, nonuniformly inhabits the area of European and Dinaric alps, ranging from Jura mountains and northern French alps, Switzerland, south Germany (Bavarian alps and Wrtenberg), Austrian alps, along Koruška in Slovenia and central parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Mt Čvrsnica, Mt Prenj and Mt Treskavica) down to Serbia and Montenegro (Prokletije: Mt Bogićevica, Mt Lumbardska., Mt Đeravica)(Đukić et. al., 2003; Džukić, 1989; Džukić et. al., 1997; Kalezić et. al., 2000). The record of its habitat in Ćaf Drošks – Dragobija, Albania (Werner, 1898) has been disproved (Đukić i sar., 2003).
Variation of this species is almost nonexistent and is usually represented with changes in intensity of its colour, from black to dark brown. Exceptions are only fund within populations of its subspecies S. a. Aurorae Trevisian. The typical subspecies , S. a. atra Laurenti inhabits the Alps, while the Dinaric alps are inhabited by a separate subspecies S. a. prenjensis Mikšić, 1969 (the identification was done using the arrangement of palatine teeth (bent inwards) of the Prenj population).
During the period between 2003 and 2008 numerous researchers and alpinists have conducted a series of field examinations and have covered the whole area of mountain Prenj and its neighbouring mountains.
On 07th and 08th August 2004, S. Lelo, E. Duraković and K. Muftić have confirmed the existence of a stable, local population of the alpine salamander. On 19th September 2004, K. Muftić, S. Trakić and P. Juvan have re-examined and re-confirmed the existence of a stable population. Until the summer of 2008, when K. Muftić and E. Šunje had conducted the last extensive survey, field examinations have been sporadic. The last survey of the local population was done on the 21st June 2008 (Šunje and Lelo, 2008).
Data regarding findings of alpine salamander of mountain Treskavica has never been confirmed, but it would perhaps be better to steer all further research towards higher altitudes of mountain Velež which, along with Prenj, Čvrsnica and Čabulja, belongs to a complex of Herzegovinian mountains of ecological conditions similar to those habitats alpine salamander has already been recorded on.